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Table 1 Complementary activities that could be undertaken by Ethiopian, resident and foreign charities

From: The role of NGOs in corporate environmental responsibility practice: evidence from Ethiopia

Ethiopian charities/societiesa

Ethiopian resident

Charities/Societiesb/Foreign Charitiesc

Raise awareness on environmental rights.

Conduct research on the protection of environmental rights.

Law and policy reform.

Provide legal aid to victims of environmental pollution.

Work to bring violators of environmental rights to justice.

Implement environmental protection programs, such as afforestation, terracing, water and soil conservation, etc.

Undertake studies and organize forums on environmental issues such as climate change, conservation of natural resources, environmental impact of industrial and agricultural activities, etc.

Assess environmental protection activities by governmental and non-governmental actors.

Educate the public on the utility of environmental protection and the adverse impact of environmental degradation such as destruction of forests, erosion, climate change, etc.

Encourage public initiatives to protect the environment through afforestation, terracing, water and soil conservation, protection of wildlife, etc.

Conduct studies on industrial and other pollution and forward recommendations.

Support synergy between food security and agricultural development endeavours with environmental protection and conservation of natural resources.

  1. aUnder Article 2 of Proclamation No. 621/2009: Charities and societies proclamation 2009 “Ethiopian Charities" or “Ethiopian Societies" shall mean those Charities or Societies that are formed under the laws of Ethiopia, all of whose members are Ethiopians, generate income from Ethiopia and wholly controlled by Ethiopians. However, they may be deemed as Ethiopian Charities or Ethiopian Societies if they use not more than 10% of their funds which is received from foreign sources
  2. bUnder Article 2 of Proclamation No. 621/2009: Charities and societies proclamation 2009 “Ethiopian Residents Charities” or “Ethiopian Residents Societies” shall mean those Charities or Societies that are formed under the laws of Ethiopia and which consist of members who reside in Ethiopia and who receive more than 10% of their funds from foreign sources
  3. cUnder Article 2 of Proclamation No. 621/2009: Charities and societies proclamation 2009 "Foreign Charities" shall mean those Charities that are formed under the laws of foreign countries or which consist of members who are foreign nationals or are controlled by foreign nationals or receive funds from foreign sources