The long-term transformation of the concept of CSR: towards a more comprehensive emphasis on sustainability

International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility

Table 1 Degree of comprehensiveness of CSR thinking

	Business complies with the social and political regime	Business engage in improving the social and political regime
Economic responsibility	Friedman Doctrine: Business must comply with the social and political regime, but otherwise operate with profit. Deeper argument: business share profit with society.	Markets should be competitive. Deeper argument: There should be a dialogue between society and business. Marked-based incentives should stimulate/induce sustainable behaviour of business.
Economic responsibility + social sustainability	Business provides decent work and can develop new ways of work. Deeper argument: Business is the forerunner of social reform, anti-racism, and the like.	Society sets standards for work and support business through the welfare model. Deeper argument: Business should be engaged in taking responsibility for those outside work-life.
Economic responsibility + social and environmental sustainability	Business can help developing green growth technology and solutions. Deeper argument: Business sustain from non-environmentally friendly behaviour.	Business is proactive in promoting environmental restrictions and social wellbeing. Deeper argument: Business becomes activists for sustainability transformation.